Grades 9-12

Dramatic Arts

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Dramatic Arts, Grade 9, Open (ADA1O)

This course emphasizes the active exploration of dramatic forms and techniques, using material from a wide range of authors, genres, and cultures. Students will construct, discuss, perform, and analyze drama, and then reflect on the experiences to develop an understanding of themselves, the art form, and the world around them.

Prerequisite: None

Dramatic Arts, Grade 10, Open (ADA2O)

This course requires students to actively explore dramatic forms and techniques, using their own ideas and concerns as well as sources selected from a wide range of authors, genres, and cultures. Student learning will include identifying and using the principles of space, time, voice, and movement in creating, sustaining, and communicating authentic roles within a drama. Students will assume responsibility for decisions made in the creation and presentation of the drama, and will analyze and reflect on the experience.

Prerequisite: None

Dramatic Arts, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (ADA3M)

This course requires students to create and to perform dramatic presentations. Students will analyze, interpret, and perform works of drama from various cultures, including Western plays from around 1900. Students will also do research on different acting styles and conventions for their presentations, create original works, and analyze the functions of playwright, director, actor, producer, designer, technician, and audience.

Prerequisite: Dramatic Arts, Grade 9 or 10, Open

Dramatic Arts, Grade 12, University/College Preparation (ADA4M)

This course requires students to experiment with forms and conventions in dramatic literature, and to create/adapt and present dramatic works. Students will do research on dramatic forms, conventions, themes, and theories of acting and directing from different historical periods, and apply their knowledge of these in analyzing and interpreting dramatic literature, including Canadian works and works from various cultures in the late twentieth century. Students will also examine the significance of dramatic arts in various cultures.

Prerequisite: Dramatic Arts, Grade 11, University/College Preparation or Open

Music

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Music, Grade 9, Open (AMU1O)

This course emphasizes the creation and performance of music at a level consistent with previous experience and is aimed at developing technique, sensitivity, and imagination. Students will develop musical literacy skills by using the creative and critical analysis processes in composition, performance, and a range of reflective and analytical activities. Students will develop an understanding of the conventions and elements of music and of safe practices related to music, and will develop a variety of skills transferable to other areas of their life.

Prerequisite: None

Music, Grade 10, Open (AMU2O)

This course emphasizes the creation and performance of music at a level consistent with previous experience. Students will develop musical literacy skills by using the creative and critical analysis processes in composition, performance, and a range of reflective and analytical activities. Students will develop their understanding of musical conventions, practices, and terminology and apply the elements of music in a range of activities. They will also explore the function of music in society with reference to the self, communities, and cultures.

Prerequisite: None

Music, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (AMU3M)

This course provides students with opportunities to develop their musical literacy through the creation, appreciation, analysis, and performance of music, including traditional, commercial, and art music. Students will apply the creative process when performing appropriate technical exercises and repertoire and will employ the critical analysis processes when reflecting on, responding to, and analyzing live and recorded performances. Students will consider the function of music in society and the impact of music on individuals and communities. They will explore how to apply skills developed in music to their life and careers.

Prerequisite: Music, Grade 9 or 10, Open

Music, Grade 12, University/College Preparation (AMU4M)

This course enables students to enhance their musical literacy through the creation, appreciation, analysis, and performance of music. Students will perform traditional, commercial, and art music, and will respond with insight to live and recorded performances. Students will enhance their understanding of the function of music in society and the impact of music on themselves and various communities and cultures. Students will analyze how to apply skills developed in music to their life and careers.

Prerequisite: Music, Grade 11, University/College Preparation or Open

Vocal Music, Grade 9, Open (AMV1O)

This course emphasizes singing in large and small ensembles, as well as solo performance. This course develops basic vocal techniques through performance of music from all periods, including contemporary music. The course includes an integrated component of listening, singing, and creative activities. There is no need to have prior ability to read music. Evaluation will take place primarily through performance.

Prerequisite: None

Vocal Music, Grade 10, Open (AMV2O)

This course emphasizes singing in large and small ensembles, as well as solo performance. This course develops basic vocal techniques through performance of music from all periods, including contemporary music. The course includes an integrated component of listening, singing, and creative activities. This course continues to develop more advanced vocal techniques. Evaluation will take place primarily through performance.

Prerequisite: None

Vocal Music, Grade 11, Open (AMV3M)

A survey of Choral Music emphasizing a wide range of traditional and contemporary music. This course will focus on the development of musicianship and professionalism: reading and listening skills, vocal techniques, interpretation skills, and performance practices as related to selected repertoire. This course seeks to enhance solo and ensemble performing skills.

Prerequisite: Grade 10 Vocal Music, (AMV2O) or by audition

Vocal Music, Grade 12, University/College Preparation (AMV4M)

The Grade 12 vocal music course is a continuation of AMV3M, and is designed to broaden the students' knowledge and skills in performance. This course will focus on the development of musicianship and professionalism: reading and listening skills, vocal techniques, interpretation skills, and performance practices as related to selected repertoire. This course seeks to enhance solo and ensemble performing skills.

Prerequisite: Grade 11 Vocal, AMV3M or by audition

Music – Repertoire, Grade 9, Open (AMR1O)

This course focuses on the study of the stage band repertoire and the development of the technique required for stage band performance. (Admittance is by audition)

Corequisite: Grade 9 Music, AMU1O

Music – Repertoire, Grade 10, Open (AMR2O)

This course focuses on the study of the stage band repertoire and the development of the technique required for stage band performance. (Admittance is by audition)

Prerequisite: Music, Grade 9, Open

Music – Repertoire, Grade 11, Open (AMR3M)

This course focuses on the study of the stage band repertoire and the development of the technique required for stage band performance. (Admittance is by audition)

Prerequisite: Music, Grade 9 or 10, Open

Music – Repertoire, Grade 12, University/College Preparation (AMR4M)

This course is a continuation of AMR3O and focuses on the study of the stage band repertoire and the development of the technique required for stage band performance. (Admittance is by audition)

Prerequisite: Repertoire, Grade 11, Open or Music, Grade 11, University/College Preparation

 

Visual Arts

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Visual Arts, Grade 9, Open (AVI1O)

This course is exploratory in nature, offering an overview of visual arts as a foundation for further study. Students will become familiar with the elements and principles of design and the expressive qualities of various materials by using a range of media, processes, techniques, and styles. Students will use the creative and critical analysis processes and will interpret art within a personal, contemporary, and historical context.

Prerequisite: None

Visual Arts, Grade 10, Open (AVI2O)

This course enables students to develop their skills in producing and presenting art by introducing them to new ideas, materials, and processes for artistic exploration and experimentation. Students will apply the elements and principles of design when exploring the creative process. Students will use the critical analysis process to reflect on and interpret art within a personal, contemporary, and historical context.

Prerequisite: None

Visual Arts, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (AVI3M)

This course enables students to further develop their knowledge and skills in visual arts. Students will use the creative process to explore a wide range of themes through studio work that may include drawing, painting, sculpting, and printmaking, as well as the creation of collage, multimedia works, and works using emerging technologies. Students will use the critical analysis process when evaluating their own work and the work of others. The course may be delivered as a comprehensive program or through a program focused on a particular art form (e.g., photography, video, computer graphics, information design).

Prerequisite: Visual Arts, Grade 9 or 10, Open

Visual Arts, Grade 12, University/College Preparation (AVI4M)

This course focuses on enabling students to refine their use of the creative process when creating and presenting two- and three-dimensional art works using a variety of traditional and emerging media and technologies. Students will use the critical analysis process to deconstruct art works and explore connections between art and society. The studio program enables students to explore a range of materials, processes, and techniques that can be applied in their own art production. Students will also make connections between various works of art in personal, contemporary, historical, and cultural contexts.

Prerequisite: Visual Arts, Grade 11, University/College Preparation or Open

Media Arts

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Media Arts, Grade 10, Open (ASM2O)

This course enables students to create media art works by exploring new media, emerging technologies such as digital animation, and a variety of traditional art forms such as film, photography, video, and visual arts. Students will acquire communications skills that are transferable beyond the media arts classroom and develop an understanding of responsible practices related to the creative process. Students will develop the skills necessary to create and interpret media art works.

Prerequisite: None

Business Studies

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Business, Grade 9, Open (BBI1O)

This course introduces students to the world of business. Students will develop an understanding
of the functions of business, including accounting, marketing, information and communication
technology, human resources, and production, and of the importance of ethics and social
responsibility. This course builds a foundation for further studies in business and helps students
develop the business knowledge and skills they will need in their everyday lives.

Prerequisite: None

Introduction to Entrepreneurial Studies, Grade 11, College Preparation (BDI3C)

This course focuses on ways in which entrepreneurs recognize opportunities, generate ideas, and organize resources to plan successful ventures that enable them to achieve their goals. Students will create a venture plan for a school-based or student-run business. Through hands-on experiences, students will have opportunities to develop the values, traits, and skills most often associated with successful entrepreneurs.

Prerequisite: None

Financial Accounting Fundamentals, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (BAF3M)

This course introduces students to the fundamental principles and procedures of accounting. Students will develop financial analysis and decision-making skills that will assist them in future studies and/or career opportunities in business. Students will acquire an understanding of accounting for a service and a merchandising business, computerized accounting, financial analysis, and ethics and current issues in accounting.

Prerequisite: None

Financial Accounting, Grade 12, University (BAT4M)

This course introduces students to advanced accounting principles that will prepare them for post-secondary studies in business. Students will learn about financial statements for various forms of business ownership and how those statements are interpreted in making business decisions. This course expands students’ knowledge of sources of financing, further develops accounting methods for assets, and introduces accounting for partnerships and corporations.

Prerequisite: Financial Accounting Fundamentals, Grade 11, University/College Preparation

International Business Fundamentals, Grade 12, University/College Preparation, (BBB4M)

This course provides an overview of the importance of international business and trade in the
global economy and explores the factors that influence success in international markets.
Students will learn about the techniques and strategies associated with marketing, distribution,
and managing international business effectively. This course prepares students for post-secondary
programs in business, including international business, marketing, and management.

Prerequisite: None

Civics

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Civics, Grade 10, Open (CHV2O)

This course explores what it means to be an informed, participating citizen in a democratic society. Students will learn about the elements of democracy in local, national, and global contexts, about political reactions to social change, and about political decision-making processes in Canada. They will explore their own and others' ideas about civics questions and learn how to think critically about public issues and react responsibly to them. This is a half credit course and is taken in concert with Career Studies 10 (GLC2O) for a combined full credit.

Prerequisite: None

Economics

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Analyzing Current Economic Issues, Grade 12, University Preparation (CIA4U)

This course investigates the nature of the competitive global economy and explores how individuals and societies can gain the information they need to make appropriate economic decisions. Students will learn about the principles of microeconomics and macroeconomics, apply economic models and concepts to interpret economic information, assess the validity of statistics, and investigate marketplace dynamics. Students will use economic inquiry and communication skills to analyze current economic issues, make informed judgments, and present their findings.

Prerequisite: Any university or university/college preparation course in Canadian and World Studies, English, or Social Sciences and Humanities

Geography

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Geography of Canada, Grade 9, Academic (CGC1D)

This course explores Canada's distinct and changing character and the geographic systems and relationships that shape it. Students will investigate the interactions of natural and human systems within Canada, as well as Canada's economic, cultural, and environmental connections to other countries. Students will use a variety of geo-technologies and inquiry and communication methods to analyze and evaluate geographic issues and present their findings.

Prerequisite: None

Physical Geography: Patterns, Processes, and Interactions, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (CGF3M)

This course examines the major patterns of physical geography and the powerful forces that affect them. Students will investigate the dynamic nature of the earth, the evolving relationship between the planet and its people, and the factors that limit our ability to predict the changes that will occur. Students will use a wide range of geo-technologies and inquiry methods to investigate the distribution and interaction of the elements of their physical environment and to communicate their findings.

Prerequisite: Geography of Canada, Grade 9, Academic

Canadian and World Issues: A Geographic Analysis, Grade 12, University Preparation (CGW4U)

This course examines the global challenges of creating a sustainable and equitable future, focusing on current issues that illustrate these challenges. Students will investigate a range of topics, including cultural, economic, and geopolitical relationships, regional disparities in the ability to meet basic human needs, and protection of the natural environment. Students will use geo-technologies and skills of geographic inquiry and analysis to develop and communicate balanced opinions about the complex issues facing Canada and a world that is interdependent and constantly changing.

Prerequisite: Any university or university/college preparation course in Canadian and World Studies, English, or Social Sciences and Humanities.

History

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Canadian History Since World War I, Grade 10, Academic (CHC2D)

This course explores the local, national, and global forces that have shaped Canada's national identity from World War I to the present. Students will investigate the challenges presented by economic, social, and technological changes and explore the contributions of individuals and groups to Canadian culture and society during this period. Students will use critical-thinking and communication skills to evaluate various interpretations of the issues and events of the period and to present their own points of view.

Prerequisite: None

World History to the Sixteenth Century, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (CHW3M)

This course investigates the history of humanity from earliest times to the sixteenth century. Students will analyze diverse societies from around the world, with an emphasis on the political, cultural, and economic structures and historical forces that have shaped the modern world. They will apply historical inquiry, critical-thinking, and communication skills to evaluate the influence of selected individuals, groups, and innovations and to present their own conclusions.

Prerequisite: Canadian History in the Twentieth Century, Grade 10, Academic or Applied

World History: The West and the World, Grade 12, University Preparation (CHY4U)

This course investigates the major trends in Western civilization and world history from the sixteenth century to the present. Students will learn about the interaction between the emerging West and other regions of the world and about the development of modern social, political, and economic systems. They will use critical-thinking and communication skills to investigate the historical roots of contemporary issues and present their conclusions.

Prerequisite: Any university or university/college preparation course in Canadian and World Studies, English, or Social Sciences and Humanities

 

LAW

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Canadian and International Law, Grade 12 University Preparation  (CLN4U)

This course explores a range of contemporary legal issues and how they are addressed in both Canadian and international law. Students will develop an understanding of the principles of Canadian and international law and of issues related to human rights and freedoms, conflict resolution, and criminal, environmental, and workplace law, both in Canada and internationally. Students will apply the concepts of legal thinking and the legal studies inquiry process, and will develop legal reasoning skills, when investigating these and other issues in both Canadian and international contexts.

Prerequisite: Any university or university/college preparation course in Canadian and World Studies, English, or Social Sciences and Humanities

Computer Studies

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Introduction to Computer Science, Grade 11, University Preparation (ICS3U)

This course introduces students to computer science. Students will design software independently and as part of a team, using industry-standard programming tools and applying the software development life-cycle model. They will also write and use subprograms within computer programs. Students will develop creative solutions for various types of problems as their understanding of the computing environment grows. They will also explore environmental and ergonomic issues, emerging research in computer science, and global career trends in computer-related fields.

Prerequisite: None

Computer Science Principles, Grade 11, University Preparation (ICS3U-AP)

This course introduces students to the foundational concepts of computer science and explores the impact computing and technology have on our society. Students will explore all topics areas included in the Grade 11 Computer Science course while furthering their ability to develop algorithms, use data to discover knowledge and solve problems. Students will also explore computing innovations and computing systems—including the internet, investigate the impact computing has on society and contribute to a computing culture that is collaborative and ethical. 

Prerequisite: None

 

Computer Science, Grade 12, University Preparation (ICS4U)

This course enables students to further develop knowledge and skills in computer science. Students will use modular design principles to create complex and fully documented programs, according to industry standards. Student teams will manage a large software development project, from planning through to project review. Students will also analyze algorithms for effectiveness. They will investigate ethical issues in computing and further explore environmental issues, emerging technologies, areas of research in computer science, and careers in the field.

Prerequisite: Introduction to Computer Science, Grade 11, University Preparation

 

 

International Languages

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International Languages, Spanish, Level 2, Academic (LWSBD)

This course provides students with the language learning experiences that will enable them to communicate in the language of study. Students will continue to develop and apply their speaking skills in a variety of contexts, and will participate in activities that will improve their reading comprehension and writing skills. They will also continue to explore aspects of the culture of countries where the language under study is spoken by taking part in community-sponsored events and activities involving both print and technological resources. Although students will continue to expand their vocabulary and repertoire of language structures, the language they will use at this level will still be simple.

Prerequisite: None

International Languages, Spanish, Level 3, University Preparation (LWSCU)

This course offers students opportunities to further develop their knowledge of the international language and to enhance their communication skills. Students will use increasingly sophisticated language in a variety of activities that will enable them to speak and write with clarity and accuracy. Students will also enhance their thinking skills through the critical study of literature, and continue to explore aspects of the culture of countries where the language is spoken through a variety of print and technological resources.

Prerequisite: International Languages, Level 2, Academic

International Languages, Spanish, Level 4, University Preparation (LWSDU)

This course prepares students for university studies in the international language. Students will enhance their ability to use the language with clarity and precision, and will develop the language skills needed to engage in sustained conversations and discussions, understand and evaluate information, read diverse materials for both study and pleasure, and write clearly and effectively. Students will also have opportunities to add to their knowledge of the culture of countries where the language is spoken through the use of community resources and computer technology.

Prerequisite: LWSCU

 

English

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English, Grade 9, Academic (ENG1W)

This course is designed to develop the oral communication, reading, writing, and media literacy skills that students need for success in their secondary school academic programs and in their daily lives. Students will analyze literary texts from contemporary and historical periods, interpret informational and graphic texts, and create oral, written, and media texts in a variety of forms. An important focus will be on the use of strategies that contribute to effective communication. The course is intended to prepare students for the Grade 10 academic English course, which leads to university or college preparation courses in Grades 11 and 12.

Prerequisite: None

English, Grade 10, Academic (ENG2D)

This course is designed to extend the range of oral communication, reading, writing, and media literacy skills that students need for success in their secondary school academic programs and in their daily lives. Students will analyze literary texts from contemporary and historical periods, interpret and evaluate informational and graphic texts, and create oral, written, and media texts in a variety of forms. An important focus will be on the selective use of strategies that contribute to effective communication. This course is intended to prepare students for the compulsory Grade 11 university or college preparation course.

Prerequisite: English, Grade 9, Academic

English, Grade 11, University Preparation (ENG3U)

This course emphasizes the development of literacy, communication, and critical and creative thinking skills necessary for success in academic and daily life. Students will study the content, form, and style of a variety of informational and graphic texts, as well as literary texts from Canada and other countries, and create oral, written, and media texts in a variety of forms for practical and academic purposes. An important focus will be on using language with precision and clarity. The course is intended to prepare students for the compulsory Grade 12 university or college preparation course.

Prerequisite: English, Grade 10, Academic

English, Grade 12, University Preparation (ENG4U)

This course emphasizes the consolidation of the literacy, communication, and critical and creative thinking skills necessary for success in academic and daily life. Students will analyze a range of challenging literary texts from various periods, countries, and cultures; interpret and evaluate informational and graphic texts; and create oral, written, and media texts in a variety of forms. An important focus will be on using academic language coherently and confidently, selecting the reading strategies best suited to particular texts and particular purposes for reading, and developing greater control in writing. The course is intended to prepare students for university, college, or the workplace.

Prerequisite: English, Grade 11, University Preparation

The Writer's Craft, Grade 12, University Preparation (EWC4U)

This course emphasizes knowledge and skills related to the craft of writing. Students will analyze models of effective writing; use a workshop approach to write a variety of works; and make considered decisions for improving the quality of their writing. They will also complete a creative or analytical independent study project and investigate opportunities for publication and for writing careers.

Prerequisite: English, Grade 11, University Preparation

English as a Second Language

 

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English as a Second Language, Level 2, Open (ESLBO)

This course expands students' listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills in English for everyday and academic purposes. Students will participate in conversations in structured situations on a variety of familiar and new topics; read a variety of texts designed or adapted for English language learners; expand their knowledge of English grammatical structures and sentence patterns; and link English sentences to compose paragraphs. The course also supports students' continuing adaptation to the Ontario school system by expanding their cultural knowledge of their new province and country.

Prerequisite: English as a Second Language, Level 1, or equivalent (may be an equivalent course of study completed in another province in Canada or in another country OR a proficiency level determined through initial assessment)

English as a Second Language, Level 3, Open (ESLCO)

This course extends students' skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing in English for a variety of everyday and academic purposes. Students will make short classroom oral presentations; read a variety of adapted and original texts in English; and write using a variety of text forms.

As well, students will expand their academic vocabulary and their study skills to facilitate the transition to the mainstream school program. This course also introduces students to the rights and responsibilities inherent in Canadian citizenship, and to a variety of current Canadian issues.

Prerequisite: English as a Second Language, Level 2, or equivalent (may be an equivalent course of study completed in another province in Canada or in another country OR a proficiency level determined through initial assessment)

English as a Second Language, Level 4, Open (ESLDO)

This course prepares students to use English with increasing fluency and accuracy in classroom and social situations and to participate in Canadian society as informed citizens. Students will develop the oral-presentation, reading, and writing skills required for success in all school subjects. They will extend listening and speaking skills through participation in discussions and seminars; study and interpret a variety of grade-level texts; write narratives, articles, and summaries in English; and respond critically to a variety of print and media texts.

Prerequisite: English as a Second Language, Level 3, or equivalent (may be an equivalent course of study completed in another province in Canada or in another country OR a proficiency level determined through initial assessment)

English as a Second Language, Level 5, Open (ESLEO)

This course provides students with the skills and strategies they need to make the transition to college and university preparation courses in English and other secondary school disciplines. Students will be encouraged to develop independence in a range of academic tasks. They will participate in debates and lead classroom workshops; read and interpret literary works and academic texts; write essays, narratives, and reports; and apply a range of learning strategies and research skills effectively. Students will further develop their ability to respond critically to print and media texts.

Prerequisite: ESLDO

The Ontario Literacy Course, Grade 12, Open (OLC4O)

This course is designed to help students acquire and demonstrate the cross-curricular literacy skills that are evaluated by the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT). Students who complete the course successfully will meet the provincial literacy requirement for graduation. Students will read a variety of informational, narrative, and graphic texts and will produce a variety of forms of writing, including summaries, information paragraphs, opinion pieces, and news reports. Students will also maintain and manage a portfolio containing a record of their reading experiences and samples of their writing.

Eligibility requirement: Students who have been eligible to write the OSSLT at least once and who have been unsuccessful at least once are eligible to take the course as an option to fulfilling the Literacy Requirement for the Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD).

French as a Second Language

 

Core French, Grade 9, Academic (FSF1D)

This course emphasizes the further development of oral communication, reading, and writing skills. Students will build on and apply their knowledge of French while exploring a variety of themes, such as relationships, social trends, and careers. Thematic readings, which include a selection of short stories, articles, and poems, will serve as stepping stones to oral and written activities.

Prerequisite: Minimum of 600 hours of French instruction, or equivalent

Core French, Grade 10, Academic (FSF2D)

This course enables students to increase their knowledge of the French language, further develop their language skills, and deepen their understanding and appreciation of francophone culture around the world. Exploring a variety of themes, students will develop and apply critical thinking skills in discussion, in their analysis and interpretation of texts, and in their own writing.

Prerequisite: Core French, Grade 9, Academic

Core French, Grade 11, University Preparation (FSF3U)

This course draws on a variety of themes to promote extensive development of reading and writing skills and to reinforce oral communication skills. Students will gain a greater understanding of French-speaking cultures in Canada and around the world through their reading of a variety of materials, including a short novel or a play. Students will produce various written assignments, including a formal essay. The use of correct grammar and appropriate language conventions in both spoken and written French will be emphasized throughout the course.

Prerequisite: Core French, Grade 10, Academic

Core French, Grade 12, University Preparation (FSF4U)

This course draws on a variety of themes to promote extensive development of French-language skills. Students will consolidate their oral skills as they discuss literature, culture, and current issues. They will read a variety of texts and will write a formal essay. The use of correct grammar and appropriate language conventions in both spoken and written French will be emphasized throughout the course.

Prerequisite: Core French, Grade 11, University Preparation

AP French Language & Culture (FSF4U-AP)

This course is equivalent to an intermediate college-level course in French. Students cultivate their understanding of French language and culture by applying interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational modes of communication in real-life situations as they explore concepts related to family and community, personal and public identity, beauty and aesthetics, science and technology, contemporary life, and global challenges. This course will provide a more intensive language development experience than offered by the Core French 12 course.

Prerequisite: Core French, Grade 11, University Preparation

Guidance & Career Education

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Learning Strategies: Skills for Success in Secondary School, Grade 9, Open (GLE1O) Grade 10, Open (GLE2O)

This course focuses on learning strategies to help students become better, more independent learners. Students will learn how to develop and apply literacy and numeracy skills, personal management skills, and interpersonal and teamwork skills to improve their learning and achievement in school, the workplace, and the community. The course helps students build confidence and motivation to pursue opportunities for success in secondary school and beyond.

Prerequisite: Recommendation of Director of Senior School

Career Studies, Grade 10, Open (GLC2O)

This course teaches students how to develop and achieve personal goals for future learning, work, and community involvement. Students will assess their interests, skills, and characteristics and investigate current economic and workplace trends, work opportunities, and ways to search for work. The course explores post-secondary learning and career options, prepares students for managing work and life transitions, and helps students focus on their goals through the development of a career plan. This is a half credit course and is taken in concert with Civics 10 (CHV2O) for a combined full credit.

Prerequisite: None

LEAP: Leadership, Explorations, Adventures & Perspectives (Leadership Perspectives) (IDC3O)

This interdisciplinary course, consisting of strands from Leadership, Geography and Outdoor Education provides students with the opportunity to gain competency in outdoor and adventure skills. Students will investigate issues related to natural resources, sustainability and globalization with a focus on taking action within the local region. Students enhance their leadership skills through outdoor experiential learning, which may include snowshoeing, hiking, orienteering using spatial technologies and wilderness survival. Students are challenged to use their own leadership skills to develop explorations and adventures, and to critically consider their own perspectives, the perspectives of others and their connections to the world around them.

Prerequisite: None

Health and Physical Education

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Healthy Active Living Education, Grade 9, Open (PPL1O)

This course emphasizes regular participation in a variety of enjoyable physical activities that promote lifelong healthy active living. Students will learn movement skills and principles, ways to improve personal fitness and physical competence, and safety and injury prevention. They will investigate issues related to healthy sexuality and the use and abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, and will participate in activities designed to develop goal-setting, communication, and social skills.

Prerequisite: None

Healthy Active Living Education, Grade 10, Open (PPL2O)

This course emphasizes regular participation in a variety of enjoyable physical activities that promote lifelong healthy active living. Student learning will include the application of movement principles to refine skills; participation in a variety of activities that enhance personal competence, fitness, and health; examination of issues related to healthy sexuality, healthy eating, substance use and abuse; and the use of informed decision-making, conflict resolution, and social skills in making personal choices.

Prerequisite: None

Healthy Active Living Education, Grade 11, Open (PPL3O)

This course focuses on the development of a healthy lifestyle and participation in a variety of enjoyable physical activities that have the potential to engage students' interest throughout their lives. Students will be encouraged to develop personal competence in a variety of movement skills and will be given opportunities to practice goal-setting, decision-making, social, and interpersonal skills. Students will also study the components of healthy relationships, reproductive health, mental health, and personal safety.

Prerequisite: None

Introductory Kinesiology, Grade 12, University Preparation (PSK4U) ­

This course focuses on the study of human movement and of systems, factors, and principles involved in human development. Students will learn about the effects of physical activity on health and performance, the evolution of physical activity and sports, and the factors that influence an individual's participation in physical activity.The course prepares students for university programs in physical education, kinesiology, recreation, and sports administration.

Prerequisite: Any Grade 11 university or university/college preparation course in science, or any Grade 11 or 12 open course in Health and Physical Education

Personal and Fitness Activities, Grades 9 through 12, Open (PAF1O, PAF2O, PAF3O, PAF4O)

Exclusively for students enrolled in the High Performance Student Athlete (HPSA) program at Pickering College, this course focuses on the development of a specific personal or team sport skill set. Students enrolled in this course must be training at a high level outside of school for a minimum of 12 hours per week (on average). In addition, the students must complete a number of health and leadership assignments throughout the year. Regular meetings with the HPSA Advisor will be held to discuss overall academic performance, school/sport balance, and other issues. 

Individual and Small Group Activities, Grade 9 through 11, Open (PAI10, PAI20, PAI30) 

Exclusively for students enrolled in the High Performance Student Athlete (HPSA) program at Pickering College, this course focuses on the development of a specific personal or team sport skill set. Students enrolled in this course must be training at a high level outside of school for a minimum of 12 hours per week (on average). In addition, the students must complete several health and leadership assignments throughout the year. Regular meetings with the HPSA Advisor will be held to discuss overall academic performance, school/sport balance, and other issues. 

Prerequisite: None

Recreation and Healthy Active Living Leadership, Grade 12 (PLF4M)

This course enables students to explore the benefits of lifelong participation in active recreation and healthy leisure and to develop the leadership and coordinating skills needed to plan, organize and safely implement recreational events and other activities related to healthy, active living. Students will also learn how to promote the benefits of healthy, active living to others through mentoring and assisting them in making informed decisions that enhance their well-being. The course will prepare students for University programs in physical education and health and kinesiology and for college and university programs in recreation and leisure management, fitness and health promotion and fitness leadership.

Prerequisite: Any Health and Physical Education course

Mathematics

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Principles of Mathematics, Grade 9, Academic (MPM1D)

This course enables students to develop an understanding of mathematical concepts related to algebra, analytic geometry, and measurement and geometry through investigation, the effective use of technology, and abstract reasoning. Students will investigate relationships, which they will then generalize as equations of lines, and will determine the connections between different representations of a linear relation. They will also explore relationships that emerge from the measurement of three-dimensional figures and two-dimensional figures and two-dimensional shapes. Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems.

Prerequisite: None

Principles of Mathematics, Grade 10, Academic (MPM2D)

This course enables students to broaden their understanding of relations, extend their skills in multi-step problem solving and algebraic skills through investigation, the effective use of technology, and abstract reasoning. Students will explore quadratic relations and their applications; solve and apply linear systems; verify properties of geometric figures using analytic geometry; and investigate the trigonometry of right and acute triangles. Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems.

Prerequisite: Principles of Mathematics, Grade 9, Academic

Functions and Applications, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (MCF3M)

This course introduces basic features of the function by extending students' experiences with quadratic relations. It focuses on quadratic, trigonometric, and exponential functions and their use in modelling real-world situations. Students will represent functions numerically, graphically, and algebraically; simplify expressions; solve equations; and solve problems relating to applications. Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems.

Prerequisite: Principles of Mathematics, Grade 10, Academic, or Foundations of Mathematics, Grade 10, Applied, 

Note: Students taking this course cannot take MHF4U or MCV4U

Functions, Grade 11, University Preparation (MCR3U)

This course introduces the mathematical concept of the function by extending students' experiences with linear and quadratic relations. Students will investigate properties of discrete and continuous functions, including trigonometric and exponential functions; represent functions numerically, algebraically, and graphically; solve problems involving applications of functions; investigate inverse functions; and develop facility in determining equivalent algebraic expressions. Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems.

Prerequisite: Principles of Mathematics, Grade 10, Academic

Enhanced Mathematics Course, Grades 10 -12, Academic and University Preparation (MPM2DE, MCR3UE, MHF4UE)

These courses cover the material from their related academic courses above at a faster pace and with greater depth and breadth. These courses are designed for those students who acquire mathematical concepts quickly with little repetition. In the Grade 10 course, students complete STEM modules involving coding, design and build activities and math contest preparation. In the Grade 11 course, there is increased mathematical modeling using functions, design and build activities as well as math contest preparation. In the Grade 12 Advanced Functions course (the prerequisite for AP Calculus), students complete the Vectors modules that are actually part of the MCV4U curriculum. 

Prerequisite: As with related courses above along with sufficient performance on an entry assessment or referral from a previous teacher.

Advanced Functions, Grade 12, University Preparation (MHF4U)

This course extends students' experience with functions. Students will investigate the properties of polynomial, rational, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions; develop techniques for combining functions; broaden their understanding of rates of change; and develop facility in applying these concepts and skills. Students will also refine their use of the mathematical processes necessary for success in senior mathematics. This course is intended both for students taking the Calculus and Vectors course as a prerequisite for a university program and for those wishing to consolidate their understanding of mathematics before proceeding to any one of a variety of university programs.

Prerequisite: Functions, Grade 11, University Preparation, or Mathematics for College Technology, Grade 12, College Preparation

Calculus and Vectors, Grade 12, University Preparation (MCV4U)

This course builds on students' previous experience with functions and their developing understanding of rates of change. Students will solve problems involving geometric and algebraic representations of vectors, and representations of lines and planes in three dimensional space; broaden their understanding of rates of change to include the derivatives of polynomial, rational, exponential, and sinusoidal functions; and apply these concepts and skills to the modeling of real-world relationships. Students will also refine their use of the mathematical processes necessary for success in senior mathematics. This course is intended for students who plan to study mathematics in university and who may choose to pursue careers in fields such as physics and engineering.

Prerequisite: Advanced Functions, Grade 12, University Preparation
Note: It may be necessary to take the prerequisite course concurrently with MCV4U

AP Calculus AB, Grade 12, University Preparation (MCV4U-AP)

AP Calculus AB is an introductory college-level calculus course. Students cultivate their understanding of differential and integral calculus through engaging with real-world problems represented graphically, numerically, analytically, and verbally and using definitions and theorems to build arguments and justify conclusions as they explore concepts like change, limits, and the analysis of functions. Students study and are assessed on the Differential Calculus concepts included in the MCV4U course.  They then embark on a study of Integral Calculus in preparation for the AP Exam in May.

Prerequisite: Enhanced Advanced Functions, MHF4UE, Grade 12, University Preparation or permission of the Mathematics Department Head

Mathematics of Data Management, (MDM4U) Grade 12, University Preparation

This course broadens students understanding of mathematics as it relates to managing data. Students will apply methods for organizing large amounts of information; solve problems involving probability and statistics; and carry out a culminating project that integrates statistical concepts and skills. Students will also refine their use of the mathematical processes necessary for success in senior mathematics. Students planning to enter university programs in business, the social sciences, and the humanities will find this course of particular interest.

Prerequisite: Functions and Applications, Grade 11, University/College Preparation, or Functions, Grade 11, University Preparation

Science

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Science, Grade 9, Academic (SNC1W)

This course enables students to develop their understanding of concepts related to biology, chemistry, physics, and earth and space science, and to relate science to technology, society, and the environment. Throughout the course, students will develop and refine their STEM skills as they use scientific research, scientific experimentation, and engineering design processes to investigate concepts and apply their knowledge in situations that are relevant to their lives and communities. Students will continue to develop transferable skills as they become scientifically literate global citizens.

Prerequisite: None

Science, Grade 10, Academic (SNC2D)

This course enables students to enhance their understanding of concepts in biology, chemistry, earth and space science, and physics, and of the interrelationships between science, technology, society, and the environment. Students are also given opportunities to further develop their scientific investigation skills. Students will plan and conduct investigations and develop their understanding of scientific theories related to the connections between cells and systems in animals and plants; chemical reactions, with a particular focus on acid–based reactions; forces that affect climate and climate change; and the interaction of light and matter.

Prerequisite: Science, Grade 9, Academic

Biology, Grade 11, University Preparation (SBI3U)

This course enhances students' understanding of the processes involved in biological systems. Students will study cellular functions, genetic continuity, internal systems and regulation, the diversity of living things, and the anatomy, growth, and functions of plants. The course focuses on the theoretical aspects of the topics under study, and helps students refine skills related to scientific investigation.

Prerequisite: Science, Grade 10, Academic

Biology, Grade 12, University Preparation (SBI4U)

This course provides students with the opportunity for in-depth study of the concepts and processes associated with biological systems. Students will study theory and conduct investigations in the areas of metabolic processes, molecular genetics, homeostasis, evolution, and population dynamics. Emphasis will be placed on achievement of the detailed knowledge and refined skills needed for further study in various branches of the life sciences and related fields.

Prerequisite: Biology, Grade 11, University Preparation

Chemistry, Grade 11, University Preparation (SCH3U)

This course enables students to deepen their understanding of chemistry through the study of the properties of chemicals and chemical bonds; chemical reactions and quantitative relationships in those reactions; solutions and solubility; and atmospheric chemistry and the behaviour of gases. Students will further develop their analytical skills and investigate the qualitative and quantitative properties of matter, as well as the impact of some common chemical reactions on society and the environment.

Prerequisite: Science, Grade 10, Academic
 

Chemistry, Grade 12, University Preparation (SCH4U)

This course enables students to deepen their understanding of chemistry through the study of organic chemistry, the structure and properties of matter, energy changes and rates of reaction, equilibrium in chemical systems, and electrochemistry. Students will further develop their problem-solving and investigation skills as they investigate chemical processes, and will refine their ability to communicate scientific information. Emphasis will be placed on the importance of chemistry in everyday life and on evaluating the impact of chemical technology on the environment.

Prerequisite: Chemistry, Grade 11, University Preparation

AP Chemistry, Grade 12, University Preparation (SCH4U-AP)

The AP Chemistry course provides students with a college-level foundation to support future advanced coursework in chemistry. Students will explore all topic areas included in the Ontario Grade 12 Chemistry course, while further cultivating their understanding of chemistry through inquiry-based investigations, as they explore the four Big Ideas (BI) of Scale, Proportion, and Quantity, Structure and Properties, Transformations and Energy found in the AP Chemistry curriculum set out by the College Board. The laboratory work, equivalent to a first-year college chemistry course, requires a higher degree of technique, analysis, and accuracy than expected of high school chemistry students. Throughout the course, students will have opportunities to apply their learned knowledge to real-world questions and scenarios to help them become scientifically literate citizens.

Physics, Grade 11, University Preparation (SPH3U)

This course develops students' understanding of the basic concepts of physics. Students will explore kinematics, with an emphasis on linear motion; different kinds of forces; energy transformations; the properties of mechanical waves and sound; and electricity and magnetism. They will enhance their scientific investigation skills as they test laws of physics. In addition, they will analyze the interrelationships between physics and technology, and consider the impact of technological applications of physics on society and the environment.

Prerequisite: Science, Grade 10, Academic

Physics, Grade 12, University Preparation (SPH4U)

This course enables students to deepen their understanding of physics concepts and theories. Students will continue their exploration of energy transformations and the forces that affect motion, and will investigate electrical, gravitational, and magnetic fields and electromagnetic radiation. Students will also explore the wave nature of light, quantum mechanics, and special relativity. They will further develop their scientific investigation skills, learning, for example, how to analyze, qualitatively and quantitatively, data related to a variety of physics concepts and principles. Students will also consider the impact of technological applications of physics on society and the environment.

Prerequisite: Physics, Grade 11, University Preparation

Social Sciences and Humanities

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Introduction to Anthropology, Psychology, and Sociology, Grade 11, University Preparation (HSP3U)

This course introduces the theories, questions, and issues that are the major concerns of anthropology, psychology, and sociology. Students will develop an understanding of the way social scientists approach the topics they study and the research methods they employ. Students will be given opportunities to explore theories from a variety of perspectives and to become familiar with current thinking on a range of issues that have captured the interest of classical and contemporary social scientists in the three disciplines.

Prerequisite: None

Philosophy: Questions and Theories, Grade 12, University Preparation (HZT4U)

This course addresses three (or more) of the main areas of philosophy: metaphysics, logic, epistemology, ethics, social and political philosophy, and aesthetics. Students will learn critical-thinking skills, the main ideas expressed by philosophers from a variety of the world's traditions, how to develop and explain their own philosophical ideas, and how to apply those ideas to contemporary social issues and personal experiences. The course will also help students refine skills used in researching and investigating topics in philosophy.

Prerequisite: Any university or university/college preparation course in Social Sciences and Humanities, English, or Canadian and World Studies

 

Technological Education

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Communications Technology, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (TGJ3M)

This course examines communications systems and design and production processes in the areas of electronic, live, recorded, graphic and broadcast communications. Students develop knowledge and skills relating to the operation, maintenance, and use of the basic and more complex components of a range of communications systems. They explore careers, the importance of lifelong learning, and the impact of communications technology on society and the environment. In this course, students explore the skills and concepts relating to audio studio production, digital video and imaging production, and radio production and broadcasting.

Prerequisite: None

Communications Technology, Grade 12, University/College Preparation (TGJ4M)

This course examines communications systems and design and production processes in the areas of digital film production. The course is divided into five units: Introduction to Film Production, Introduction to Film History and Theory; Documentary Film Production; Fictional Film Production; and Independent Film Production. Students develop knowledge and skills relating to the operation, maintenance, and use of the basic and more complex components of a range of communications systems, as well as explore careers and the importance of lifelong learning. In this course, students explore the skills and concepts relating to digital film production and the impact of communications technology on society and the environment.

Prerequisite: Communications Technology, Grade 11, University/College Preparation

Radio and Audio Production, Grade 11, University/College Preparation (TGR3M)

Radio Production is a hands-on approach to examine radio broadcasting and emerging broadcast media. Areas of study include an introduction to the radio/audio environment, regulations for radio broadcasting, introduction to writing short news pieces and commercials for radio, on-air news delivery performance, producing for radio and marketing for radio. Working in co-operative groups using sound equipment and recording software the student will plan, organize, direct and produce commercials and radio broadcasts. Students will develop an awareness of environmental and societal issues. Research to identify career opportunities in communication technologies, skills, education and training required will be completed.

Prerequisite: None

Radio and Audio Production, Grade 12, University/College Preparation (TGR4M)

Radio Production is a hands-on approach to examine radio broadcasting and emerging broadcast media. Areas of study include review of the radio/audio environment, what guides our programming, writing feature stories for radio, on-air performance (developing a wider variety of voice talent, communicating for different purposes), producing short and feature audio pieces for radio, and marketing for radio. Working in co-operative groups using sound equipment and recording software the student will plan, organize, direct and produce commercials and radio broadcasts. Students will develop an awareness of environmental and societal issues as well as become familiar with career opportunities in communication technologies, skills, education and training required will be completed.

Prerequisite: Radio and Audio Production, Grade 11, University/College Preparation